Substitution among Platinum Group Metals
Platinum group metals in autocatalysts. Automotive demand is the single largest demand segment for platinum, with platinum automotive demand accounting for around 40% of total platinum demand. Palladium and rhodium automotive use is around 80% and 90% of total palladium and total rhodium demand, respectively. Gasoline three …
Extraction of platinum group metals from catalytic converters
Abstract. Platinum group metals (PGMs) assume an important role within the chemistry and chemical engineering due to their exceptional chemical stability in high temperatures and various environmental conditions. Their unique attributes make them highly demanded materials across an array of industries. Nevertheless, the gradual …
Paclitaxel plus platinum-based chemotherapy versus conventional …
Details of the treatments received at the time of progression are available for 437 of 536 patients. Overall, 70 (31%) patients in the conventional treatment group received a taxane-based treatment on progression. In the paclitaxel plus platinum chemotherapy group, 16 (8%) patients went on to receive a further taxane-based …
Recycling of platinum group metals from exhausted …
Platinum group metals (PGMs) are essential in developing the modern high-tech industry. Spent petroleum and spent automobile catalysts are vital sources of PGMs, which have relatively higher concentrations of PGMs (0.1–1%) than those found in primary sources. Therefore, recycling these secondary PGMs sources is an integral …
Platinum-group metals: Demand, supply, …
Abstract. The global demand for platinum-group metals (PGMs), including Pt, Pd, and Rh, far exceeds the supply of natural resources. The scarce and …
Platinum group | Chemical Properties, Uses
platinum group, six metals, in order of increasing atomic weight, ruthenium (Ru), rhodium (Rh), palladium (Pd), osmium (Os), iridium (Ir), and platinum (Pt). The elements all possess a silvery white colour—except osmium, …
Paclitaxel plus platinum-based chemotherapy versus conventional …
Patients were randomly assigned paclitaxel plus platinum chemotherapy or conventional platinum-based chemotherapy. Analysis was by intention to treat, except for toxic effects. Findings: With a median follow-up of 42 months, 530 patients have died. Survival curves showed a difference in favour of paclitaxel plus platinum (hazard ratio …
Recent advancements on non-platinum based catalyst …
Conventional platinum electrodes are often found to be supported with carbon and carbon nanotubes (CNT), especially with carbon black, due to its good electrically conductive property and easy availability . ... The limitation with platinum group metals (PGM) as an electrode material is its expensiveness that intensify the overall …
Platinum-Group Metal Ores
This chapter describes the production of concentrates containing the platinum-group metals (PGMs). South Africa is the largest primary producer of PGMs followed by Russia. South African ores typically contain 3–4 g/tonne of PGM ore, which becomes 100–200 g/tonne after flotation. There are two main types of ores namely; feldspathic ...
Platinum group metals recycling from spent automotive …
Platinum group metals (PGMs) are essential for many technological applications in the 21st century, with three-way automotive catalytic converters being the primary use. Due to the high concentrations of PGMs in spent automotive catalyst, recycling PGMs from spent automotive catalyst are critical to the supply chain and circular economy.
Copper–Cobalt–Cerium Ternary Oxide as an Additive to a Conventional …
Recently, we reported on a ternary mixed‐oxide catalyst that showed low‐temperature CO oxidation activity under lean exhaust conditions without inhibition by hydrocarbons such as propene. However, the hydrocarbon oxidation activity of this Cu–Co–Ce (CCC) catalyst cannot be considered as a stand‐alone solution to low‐temperature automotive exhaust …
Commercial Processes for the Extraction of Platinum Group …
Apart from high grade ores, hydrometallurgical processes have also been developed for the commercial extraction of PGMs from low grade refractory sulfide ores and concentrate as presented in Table 1. Table 1 Technologies for commercial extraction of PGMs from low grade ores. Full size table.
Platinum Group Metals to restructure mining …
The restructuring by Platinum Group Metals would involve a change in primary mining method and cost reductions to create a sustainable future for the mine. The changes are operationally driven to …
Biosorption for the recovery and analysis of rare earth
The conventional techniques for the preconcentration of rare earth elements and platinum group metals from large volumes of natural streams or waste solutions into reduced and manageable volumes of samples are chemical precipitation, extraction, ion exchange and sorption (Hidayah and Abidin 2017; Hu et al. 2016; Xie et al. 2014; Feng et …
Paclitaxel plus platinum-based chemotherapy versus conventional …
Those patients randomized to platinum-based regimens received various types of chemotherapy, the most common of which were carboplatin alone (71%) and CAP (17%). 2 year overall survival was better in the paclitaxel + platinum group (57% vs. 50%, p=.02) Median survival was also higher in the paclitaxel + platinum group (29 mo vs. 24 mo)
Recycling pathways for platinum group metals from …
Recycling pathways for platinum group metals from spent automotive catalyst: A review on conventional approaches and bio-processes. April 2021. …
Toward the Recovery of Platinum Group Metals from a …
We present a novel approach for the separation and recovery of Pt and Pd leached from a spent automotive catalyst relying on conventional and polymerized supported ionic liquid phases (SILPs and polySILPs, respectively). A variety of parameters with possible effects on the separation behavior, namel …
Platinum group metals recycling from spent automotive …
Platinum group metals (PGMs) are essential for many technological applications in the 21st century, with three-way automotive catalytic converters being the primary use. ... Recycling pathways for platinum group metals from spent automotive catalyst: a review on conventional approaches and bio-processes. Resour. Conserv. …
Platinum-Group Element
The platinum group metals (PGMs) comprise 6 elements, which are platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium, and osmium. These metals have high melting points, high …
Platinum group | Chemical Properties, Uses & Occurrence
platinum group, six metals, in order of increasing atomic weight, ruthenium (Ru), rhodium (Rh), palladium (Pd), osmium (Os), iridium (Ir), and platinum (Pt). The elements all possess a silvery white colour—except osmium, which is bluish white. The chemical behaviour of these metals is paradoxical in that they are highly resistant to attack by ...
(PDF) Refining Approaches in the Platinum Group Metal
Simplified platinum group metal (PGM) processing chain (conventional matte smelting treatment). 4E = Pt, Pd, Rh, and Au. Adapted from Ndlovu [11] and Cramer [13]. Value chain for PGM processing ...
Platinum Group Metals: A Clean Drive Towards a Greener …
The Platinum Group Metals – platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, and iridium – are at the forefront of innovation in the automotive industry. ... Portable Power Stations VS Conventional ...
Refining Approaches in the Platinum Group Metal …
Simplified platinum group metal (PGM) processing chain (conventional matte smelting treatment). 4E = Pt, Pd, Rh, and Au. Adapted from Ndlovu [11] and Cramer [13]. The four major PGM mining companies, namely Anglo Platinum, Norilsk, Impala Platinum, and Lonmin Platinum, all South African apart from the Russian Norilsk, are integrated from …
Extraction of platinum group metals from catalytic converters
Considering the average content of 1.5 g of platinum, 1.3–1.4 g of palladium, and 0.15 g of rhodium per kilogram of catalytic converter, the potential recycling of catalytic converters from these retired vehicles could yield an estimated 75 kg of platinum, 70 kg of palladium, and 7.5 kg of rhodium.
Topotecan Weekly Versus Conventional 5-Day Schedule …
option than conventional 5-day therapy (Tc) in women with platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer. We conducted a randomized phase II trial (TOWER [Topotecan Weekly Versus Conven-tional 5-Day Schedule in Patients With Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer]) to better define the ratio between benefits and risks with either treatment …
(PDF) Refining Approaches in the Platinum Group …
Increased mineralogical complexity, lower grade ores, and recent PGM production expansions give rise to the evaluation of the value chain of the capital-intensive conventional matte smelting...
Modeling proton exchange membrane fuel cells with platinum-group …
Platinum-group-metal-free (PGM-free) catalysts hold great potential to replace their expensive Platinum-based counterparts in proton exchange membrane fuel cells because of their exceptional catalytic activity, outstanding abundance, and low cost. ... Different from the conventional Pt/C catalysts, the central transition metal atoms are ...
Direct leach approaches to Platinum Group Metal (PGM) …
Platinum group metals are conventionally recovered from high-grade concentrates (typically assay of 200 to over 2000 g/t PGM with 0.4–2.8% Cr 2 O 3) by the traditional matte–smelting–refining technique depicted in Fig. 2 (Cole and Joe Ferron, 2002).Ore is first ground by conventional multistage crushing and ball milling, or by …
Platinum group metals catalyse 'cleaner' …
Platinum group metals catalyse 'cleaner' automotive technology. 05 December 2022. The automotive supply chain has experienced a period of upheaval in 2022. Prices of raw materials …
Recovery and Enrichment of Platinum Group Metals from …
Saitoh N, Nomura T, Konishi Y (2017) Biotechnological recovery of platinum group metals from leachates of spent automotive catalysts. TMS Ann Meet Exhib. Google Scholar Karim S, Ting Y (2021) Recycling pathways for platinum group metals from spent automotive catalyst: a review on conventional approaches and bio-processes.
