Kinetics and scale-up of evaporative crystallization of …
This information can be used to predict the rates of phase transitions in a system containing sodium sulfate and water, where the crystal populations, nucleation rates, and the fluid mechanics at ...
A turbidity titration procedure for the nucleation …
nucleation mechanism of sodium sulfate decahydrate salt solution [4,7,11]. Vavouraki et al. measured crystal growth rates of Glauber's salt in aqueous supersaturated seeded solutions. They found ...
(PDF) How Does Sodium Sulfate Crystallize?
How Does Sodium Sulfate Crystallize? Implications for the Decay and Testing of Building Materials. October 2000. Cement and Concrete Research 30 (10):1527-1534. DOI: 10.1016/S0008-8846...
Effects of ultrasonic radiation on induction period and nucleation …
The effects of ultrasound on crystal nucleation and particle size distribution of sodium sulfate were investigated via determining the induction period and particle size. Crystal nucleation parameters and equations for primary nucleation were calculated. The experimental results show that the induction time decreases under the ultrasound …
Molecular Dynamics Simulation on Crystallization Kinetics of Sodium
Abstract: Sodium sulfate is a common inorganic salt that causes blockage in supercritical water (SCW) reactors. An investigation of its crystallization kinetics is important for the design of deposition-preventing reactors. Microscopic crystallization process of sodium sulfate in SCW was studied with LAMMPS molecular dynamics simulation.
Dynamic evolution investigation on crystal size and …
The sodium sulfate powder was employed as the sample in the experiments. Sodium sulfate is the primary raw material for chemical products such as sodium sulfide and sodium silicate and is widely used in industrial production. ... Moreover, a high cooling rate can accelerate crystal nucleation, generate more crystals, and release more heat ...
Determination of Metastable Zone Width and the Primary Nucleation …
During the rehydration of the anhydrous sodium sulfate phase, thenardite, another previously unreported phase was formed prior to the nucleation of the stable phase, mirabilite Na2SO4·10H2O.
Nucleation of sodium sulfate heptahydrate on mineral …
Nevertheless, the results provide unambiguous evidence of the effect of the mineral surfaces on the frequency of nucleation of sodium sulfate heptahydrate. In sections 2 and 3, the experimental set up and results are described. NMR provides a direct measurement of the solution concentration and therefore of the amount of precipitated salt.
Nucleation and Crystal Growth in Continuous Crystallization1
Nucleation events could be evenly distributed across the bulk fluid volume. However, it may more often be the case that locally extreme conditions (supersaturation, fluid dynamics, mixing points) lead to local nucleation events. ... Yazdanpanah et al. performed an experiment with two different excipient crystals (sodium chloride and D …
Effects of ultrasonic radiation on induction period and nucleation …
During the rehydration of the anhydrous sodium sulfate phase, thenardite, another previously unreported phase was formed prior to the nucleation of the stable phase, mirabilite Na2SO4·10H2O.
How does sodium sulfate crystallize? Implications for the …
In natural, heterogeneous (non-equilibrium) systems, heterogeneous nucleation of thenardite is promoted at temperatures below 32.4°C at low RH, fast solution evaporation, and high supersaturation ratios.(2) Most sodium sulfate crystallization tests attribute almost all damage to sodium sulfate hydration within a porous material …
Nucleation, Growth, and Composition of Crystals Obtained …
Primary nucleation of burkeite, which is a crystalline solid solution of sodium carbonate and sodium sulfate having the stoichiometry Na2CO3·2Na2SO4, was monitored using an on-line particle-size ...
Nucleation of ammonium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate …
The promotion of nucleation is a primary concern because it affects both product purity and separation efficiency. In this study, the effect of aluminum nitride foreign particles on the crystallization of sodium sulfate decahydrate was investigated.
Crystallisation of sodium sulfate: supersaturation and
The sodium sulfate phase crystallising and the concentration of the solution at the point of crystallisation depends on the climatic conditions (temperature and evaporation rate). During the rehydration of the anhydrous sodium sulfate phase, thenardite, another previously unre-ported phase was formed prior to the nucleation of the
Effect of Sodium Sulfate on Nucleation Behavior and the …
Fitting results demonstrate that higher sodium sulfate concentration results in the increase of solid–liquid interfacial energy γ, contrarily higher saturation temperature has the opposite effect thus changing of nucleation rate. The molecular modeling techniques are then applied to investigate the changes in the morphology of taurine …
Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate Nucleation in the Presence of …
Calcium sulfate dihydrate primary nucleation was experimentally studied in a batch crystallizer with a related optical device at a supersaturation ranging from 2 to 4 and a fixed temperature T ...
In Situ Monitoring of the Nucleation of Polyaniline
The NMR spectra of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solutions and of Brij 35 solutions were examined in the presence of benzyl alcohol, 2-phenylethanol, 3-phenylpropanol, or 2-phenylethylamine.
A turbidity titration procedure for the nucleation mechanism
In line with the experimental results, a suitable nucleation mechanism of sodium sulfate decahydrate salt solution in batch crystallization was suggested by the secondary nucleation model since it can better explain the nucleation mechanism rather than CNT model. The MSZW was determined from experimental solubility and …
(PDF) Crystallization kinetics of Sodium Sulfate …
Libin et al. predicted crystal size distribution (CSD) of sodium sulfate decahydrate, in an MSMPR crystalizer, by using population balance technique to determine the nucleation and growth ...
A turbidity titration procedure for the nucleation …
As a noteworthy salt hydrate, sodium sulfate decahydrate or Glauber salt can be used as a phase change thermal energy storage material. Kinetic parameters of …
Sodium sulfate heptahydrate I: The growth of single crystals
High-pressure crystallization of a 3.41 mol/kg water aqueous solution of sodium sulfate at 1.54 GPa in a diamond-anvil cell resulted in the formation of a previously unknown Sodium sulfate hydrate, which is determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods to be an octahydrate, Na (2)SO (4).8H ( 2)O. Expand. 39.
Effect of Sodium Sulfate on Nucleation Behavior and the …
Two theoretical methods, self‐consistent Nývlt‐like approach and Sangwal's classical 3D nucleation theory‐based method, are employed to analyze the effects of additives (sodium sulfate) on the nucleation behavior of taurine. By correlating the measured metastable zone width of taurine containing different sodium sulfate …
Electrodeposition of copper: the nucleation mechanisms
The nucleation mechanisms were examined by fitting the experimental data (chronoamperometry) into the Scharifker–Hills nucleation models. It was found that at pH 1, in the absence of background electrolyte, copper nucleation was instantaneous. ... In the presence of 1.0 M sodium sulfate, as described previously, pH had no effect; thus all pH …
Sulfate mineral scaling: From fundamental …
Although sulfate scale inhibitors have been widely used in industry, fundamental mechanisms controlling the nucleation and growth, such as the molecular …
Nonisothermal Crystallization Kinetics of Sodium …
This paper investigates the kinetics of sodium sulfate crystallization in a stirred bed crystallizer through experimental analysis, focusing on the homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation mechanisms of the compound. Key nucleation parameters, …
Molecular dynamics simulations on K2SO4 nucleation in …
Nucleation of K 2 SO 4 in supercritical water was investigated by MD simulations. ... Experimental determination and modelling of the solubilities of sodium sulfate and potassium sulfate in sub- and supercritical water. Fluid Phase Equilibr., 483 (2019), pp. 31-51, 10.1016/j.fluid.2018.10.022.
Synergistic Effects of Sodium Iodide and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate …
The nucleation of gas hydrates takes place favorably at the gas–water interface, where local solubility of the gas is orders of magnitude larger than the solubility in the bulk water. ... Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was widely shown to strongly promote the formation of methane hydrate. Here we show that SDS displays an extraordinary ...
Nonlattice Cation-SO42– Ion Pairs in Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate Nucleation
A novel "[MSO4](2–b)– ion pair"-directed mechanism is presented to describe the role of nonlattice cations (+) in the nucleation of calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CaSO4·0.5H2O, HH) in glycerol aqueous solution. By forming [MSO4](2–b)– ion pairs, univalent M+ ions (Li+, Na+, NH4+, and K+) and bivalent M2+ ions (Cu2+, …
Experimental study of the crystallization of sodium sulfate hydrates
Saidov TA (2012) Sodium sulfate heptahydrate in weathering phenomena of porous materials. Doctoral dissertation, Ph. D thesis, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands. Saidov TA, Espinosa-Marzal RM, Pel L, Scherer GW (2012) Nucleation of sodium sulfate heptahydrate on mineral substrates studied by nuclear magnetic …
Determination of metastable zone width and the primary nucleation …
The saturation curve, metastable zone width (MSZW) and primary nucleation kinetics were measured and estimated during sodium sulfate cooling crystallization process. The MSZW is commonly used to characterize crystal nucleation and determine the operation window for crystallization process. The MSZW is the difference between …
