cast iron metallurgy

Cast Irons | Elements of Metallurgy and Engineering Alloys

Abstract. The properties of cast iron are determined primarily by the form of carbon they contain, which in turn, is controlled by modifying compositions and cooling rates during casting. Certain alloys (such as Si, Al, Ni, Co, and Cu) promote graphite formation, while others (such as S, V, Cr, Sn, Mo, and Mn) promote the formation of cementite.

Classification and Basic Metallurgy of Cast Iron

When discussing the metallurgy of cast iron, the main factors of influence on the structure include chemical composition, cooling rate, liquid treatment, and heat treatment. In terms …

Basic Metallurgy of Cast Iron | Metals Handbook Desk …

Abstract. Cast irons primarily are iron alloys that contain more than 2% carbon and from 1 to 3% silicon. This article provides a description of iron-iron carbide-silicon system; and discusses the classification, composition, and characteristics of cast irons, such as gray, ductile, malleable, compacted graphite, and white cast iron.

6 Types of Cast Iron | Alloys | Iron | Metallurgy

There are six basic types of cast iron with several varieties of each as given below: Type # 1. White Cast Iron: White cast iron has all its carbon in the combined cementite form (i.e., free of graphite). Cementite is hard, brittle and white compound. As the fractured surface of white iron looks silvery-white and dull as the fracture occurs along cementite plates-that …

Physical Metallurgy of Cast Irons | SpringerLink

This textbook focuses on cast irons, the second material in production and consumption after steel. The authors describe the Fe-C stable and …

Grey Cast Iron | Metallurgy for Dummies

Grey cast iron is characterized by its graphitic microstructure, which causes fractures of the material to have a grey appearance. It is the most commonly used cast iron and the most widely used cast material based on weight. Most cast irons have a chemical composition of 2.5 to 4.0% carbon, 1 to 3% silicon, and the remainder is iron.

Cast Iron | Metallurgy for Dummies

What is Cast Iron ? Cast irons typically contain 2-4 wt% of carbon with a high silicon concentrations and a greater concentration of impurities than steels. The carbon equivalent (CE) of a cast iron helps to distinguish the grey irons which cool into a microstructure containing graphite and and the white irons where the carbon is present mainly ...

Classification and Basic Metallurgy of Cast Iron

Cast irons are multicomponent fer- rous alloys, which solidify with a eutectic. They contain major (iron, carbon, silicon), minor (<0.1%), and often alloying (>0.1%) elements. Cast iron has higher ...

Inoculation of Cast Iron

graphite in cast iron with lamellar graphite and the formation of many small graphite nodules in the Mg-treated cast iron. The addition of an inoculant to molten cast iron is advisable and even necessary in most cases, in order to be able to produce castings which fulfill the quality requirements. The mechanical properties and

Evaluation of Metallurgical Quality of Cast Iron Using

The metallurgical quality of the produced cast iron is related to its chemical composition (mainly the content of C, Si, Mn, P, and S), or other monitored elements—alloying elements (Cr, Ni, Cu, …), in some cases showing elements (Pb, Sn, As, Sb, …). The chemical composition of cast iron is determined by the degree of saturation …

L4 : METALLURGY OF CAST IRON

THE TYPES OF CAST IRON The various types of cast iron can be classified by their miscrostructure particularly the form and shape in which the major portion of the carbon occurs in the iron. In general, as mentioned in Table-1, there are five basic types : white iron, melleable iron, grey iron, and ductile iron, and compacted graphite iron.

Types of Cast Iron: Classification, Grade & Application

The types of cast iron are primarily classified based on the form of carbon and the morphology of graphite present. The following are the main types of cast iron: White Cast Iron: Carbon exists in the form of cementite (Fe3C), and the fracture surface is silvery white. It's brittle and is rarely used alone.

Invention of cast iron smelting in early China: Archaeological …

Cast iron is a high carbon iron alloy produced mostly in blast furnace with a wide range of compositions, which are defined as containing more than 2.1%, and usually less than about 4.5% carbon. ... This shows a close relationship between tao (pottery making) and ye (metallurgy). The earliest evidence for the firing of pottery dates to ...

Cast Iron Technology | ScienceDirect

Cast iron or iron is a Fe–C–Si alloy that always contains minor, less than 0.1% and often alloying elements and is used in the as-cast condition or after heat treatment. Inoculation is one of the most important and widely practiced processes in cast iron production. It is used to avoid chill formation in thin sections, helps to counteract ...

Metal Casting 101: Learn To Cast Metal [Types & Processes] …

Metal casting is a 7,000-year-old process used in both manufacturing and fine art. During metal casting, molten metal is transferred from a crucible into a mold to create a positive metal cast object. The metal and mold are cooled, and the metal object is removed and finished. Traditional metal casting techniques include lost-wax casting ...

ASM Specialty Handbook Cast Irons

Up-to-date content covers all aspects of cast iron fundamentals and metallurgy, primary and secondary processing, effects of processing on properties, …

Cast Iron: Meaning, Heat Treatment and Properties | Industries | Metallurgy

Cast iron has lower melting point (1135 to 1250°C) compared to steel (1500°C). The mechanical properties of grey cast iron depend upon its composition, but tensile strength varies between 1500 and 4000 kg/cm 2, hardness between 155 and 320 HB and compressive strength is 3—4 times the tensile strength.

Tribological behavior and applicability analysis of cast iron and iron

The tribological behaviors and applicability analysis of HT250 cast iron and iron-based powder metallurgy under different applied loads were compared experimentally. The friction coefficients and wear characteristics were measured with the changing operating load at a certain rotational speed by a ring-on-ring test rig. Results …

Cast Iron Types | Metal Casting Resources

Cast iron is produced by smelting iron-carbon alloys that have a carbon content greater than 2%. After smelting, the metal is poured into a mold. The primary difference in production between wrought iron and cast iron is that cast iron is not worked with hammers and tools. There are also differences in composition—cast iron contains …

Metallurgy

Metallurgy - Casting, Alloying, Refining: Casting consists of pouring molten metal into a mold, where it solidifies into the shape of the mold. ... For example, normal cast iron solidified in a sand mold forms what is known as gray iron, an iron matrix containing about 20 percent by volume graphite flakes. This type of iron has limited ...

The metallurgy of Chinese cast iron statuary | Historical Metallurgy

A group of 19 Chinese cast iron objects, mainly statuary and ritual objects, dating from between the 8th and 19th centuries AD, has been subjected to microstructural and compositional analysis. The objects were found to represent a range of cast iron types, including white cast irons with both divorced eutectic and ledeburitic microstructures, …

Classification and Basic Types of Cast Iron | Cast Iron …

The article describes some basic principles of cast iron metallurgy. It discusses the main effects of the chemical composition of ductile iron and compacted graphite (CG) iron. …

Iron Metallurgy 201 | American Foundry Society

Describe the analysis of metallographic samples for cast irons, including phase identification. Describe the major types and applicability of mechanical testing methods …

Cast Irons: Composition and Properties | Alloys | Iron | Metallurgy

In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Introduction to Cast Irons 2. Composition and Cooling Rate of Cast Irons 3. Comparison of Properties 4. Science of Development of Microstructures. Introduction to Cast Irons: Cast irons are iron-carbon (and silicon) alloys having carbon or carbon equivalent value, more than 2% (actually it is 2.1 1%), i.e., more …

Cast iron coins of Song dynasty China: a metallurgical study

A selection of 37 Song dynasty Chinese cast iron coins was subjected to metallurgical analysis. From inscriptions, these are dated between 1078 and 1215 AD, and the mint locations of 23 of the coins are known. All were found to be white cast irons, but they separated into two types, one with relatively high levels of silicon, phosphorus and …

Malleable Iron | White Cast Iron | Metallurgy for Dummies

White Cast Iron (Malleable Iron) Malleable cast iron is a heat-treated iron-carbon alloy, which solidifies in the as-cast condition with a graphite-free structure, i.e. the total carbon content is present in the cementite form (Fe3C). Two groups of malleable cast iron are specified (whiteheart and blackheart malleable cast iron), differentiated ...

Basic Metallurgy of Cast Iron | Metals Handbook …

Cast irons primarily are iron alloys that contain more than 2% carbon and from 1 to 3% silicon. This article provides a description of iron-iron carbide-silicon system; and …

White Cast Iron | Metallurgy for Dummies

White Cast Iron. It is the iron that displays white fractured surface due to the presence of cementite. With a lower silicon content and faster cooling, the carbon in white cast iron precipitates out of the melt as the metastable phase cementite, Fe3C, rather than graphite. The cementite which precipitates from the melt forms as relatively ...

ASM Specialty Handbook Cast Irons

An updated ASM Handbook dedicated to cast iron was published in 2017. ASM Handbook, Volume 1A: Cast Iron Science and Technology is focused on the principles, practices, and application of cast iron science and technolgy. Up-to-date content covers all aspects of cast iron fundamentals and metallurgy, primary and secondary …

Classification and Basic Types of Cast Iron | Cast Iron …

The article describes some basic principles of cast iron metallurgy. It discusses the main effects of the chemical composition of ductile iron and compacted graphite (CG) iron. The composition of malleable irons must be selected in such a way as to produce a white as-cast structure and to allow for fast annealing times. Some typical ...